Circulating interleukin-6 receptor in patients with sepsis syndrome

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Human interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor and their soluble receptors in health and infectious diseases : in vivo and in vitro studies

CHAPTER 1 introduces IL-6, TNF, their soluble receptors, and their roles in immunomodulation and pathology, with the emphasis on infections.Assays for IL-6, TNF-a and the soluble TNF receptors p55 and p75 were available and reference concentrations in different human body fluids had been described. For the soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) an assay was developed and reference concentrations determined in biological fluids (blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid and synovial fluid), chapter 2.Renal function influences the circulating soluble TNF receptor. We therefore studied whether the sIL-6R would be affected similarly. The concentrations of the sIL-6R gp80 and soluble-gp130 (the signal transducing part of the IL-6 receptor), were measured in patients with different degrees of chronic renal failure and before and after dialysis (CHAPTER 3).IL-6 and TNF-a are elevated in severe infections such as sepsis-syndrome and meningococcal disease. To study the effects of elevated concentrations IL-6 and TNF-a on their subsequent receptors we determined these cytokines and receptors in patients with severe infections. IL-6 concentrations in the acute phase show a correlation with disease severity and outcome. In order to investigate if this would also be true for its soluble receptor we studied the patterns of sIL-6R in these patients during the acute phase of sepsis and in meningococcal infection (CHAPTER 4, 5 and 6).Bacteria and particularly cell wall components can induce cytokines both in-vivo and in vitro. The purpose of the in-vitro experiments in CHAPTER 7 was to study whether an association exists between the capacity of bacteria to induce cytokines and disease severity. Whole blood was incubated with Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and IL-1ß, IL-6 and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) were measured in the plasma. To study the effect of antibiotics on cytokine inducing capacity of the bacterial culture, blood was stimulated with Escherichia coli (E. coli) killed by different antibiotic

Interleukin-6 and its soluble receptor during acute meningococcal infections: Effect of plasma or whole blood exchange

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Soluble Interleukin-6 receptor in patients with severe sepsis

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Circulating Concentrations of Soluble Interleukin 6 Receptors gp80 an gp130 in Chronic Renal Failure and Effects of Renal Replacement Therapy

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Plasma patterns of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) and TNF soluble receptors during acute meningococcal infections and the effect of plasma exchange

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